Christianity Islam Judaism Hinduism Buddhism

Sin & Redemption

The recognition that humans fall short of a higher standard — and the possibility of restoration — is central to religious anthropology. Whether called sin, transgression, ignorance, or karma, this universal diagnosis of the human condition is paired in every tradition with a path of healing, redemption, or enlightenment.

Across the World's Religions

Christianity
Practice
Hamartia (sin), redemption through Christ's atonement
Key Text
Romans 3:23; Isaiah 1:18; 1 John 1:9
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Islam
Practice
Dhanb (sin), Tawbah (repentance and return to God)
Key Text
Quran 4:17-18, 39:53
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Judaism
Practice
Chet (missing the mark), Teshuvah (repentance)
Key Text
Psalm 51; Lamentations 3:40
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Hinduism
Practice
Papa (sin), Prayaschitta (atonement/expiation)
Key Text
Bhagavad Gita 18:66; Manu Smriti 11
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Buddhism
Practice
Akusala (unwholesome acts), purification through practice
Key Text
Dhammapada 183; MN 61 (Ambalatthika-rahulovada)
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